What Are Crane Fly Larvae?

Crane fly larvae, or larval pests, nest in the soil and feed on grassroots and decomposing plant matter. They are most active in the transitional seasons, often resulting in patchy turf and increased surface vulnerability. On grounds in use, this can interfere with play and increase upkeep requirements.

Spotting the Signs Early

Feeding birds, bare turf, and asymmetrical damage often signal larval feeding. Cutting small turf squares allows for verification. Regular observation in cool months enables prompt treatment decisions.

Turf Care During Key Seasons

Leatherjackets stay below ground during winter but will continue feeding if conditions permit. Neglected populations cause slow turf recovery as temperatures rise. Knowing their behaviour allows grounds teams to plan maintenance that offsets seasonal stress.

Manual and Physical Tactics

Many turf professionals employ cultural practices. Soil aeration promotes deeper root growth and sturdier swards. Avoiding scalping minimises turf stress. Rolling in damp conditions can bring larvae closer to the surface, making them easier for natural predators to reach. These measures build resistance, though they don’t eradicate infestations.

Biological Control: Nematodes

Beneficial nematodes are a eco-friendly solution that destroy crane fly larvae underground. Their effectiveness is linked to soil temperature, moisture, and correct application—usually in the first signs of infestation. Used properly, nematodes help turf recover without chemical input.

Responsible Use of Pesticides

On frequently used surfaces like football pitches, chemical products may be required. Only registered products should be used, and always in line with regulation and guidance. Combining selective chemical use with other strategies often leads to long-term turf conditions.

Long-Term Larvae Management

Future-proofing turf involves improving drainage, building root systems, and ensuring adequate nutrient levels. After crane fly emergence in late summer, checking the grounds helps forecast the next season’s risk. Proactive measures cut future impact over time.

FAQs About Leatherjackets and Control

• When are larvae most active?
  
  Activity is highest in moderate soil temperatures.



• How do I check for infestation?
  
  Cut small turf squares and count larvae beneath to determine infestation levels.



• Are nematodes effective in cold soil?
  
  No, they require certain temperatures and moisture levels to work properly.



• Should I alter mowing height?
  
  Yes, longer grass during feeding seasons can offer protection.



• What causes birds to peck at turf?
  
  Birds are usually attracted to larvae near the surface. This is often an early indication of a problem.

Summary

Managing crane fly larvae requires vigilance, strategic actions, and a balanced approach. Grounds treated with this discipline are more likely to perform well across all seasons.

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